Learn About Being a Neonatologist - Skills To Get Ahead In Your Career

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What does a neonatologist do?

A neonatologist is a highly trained pediatric doctor to infants who need medical attention because of premature birth, birth defects or any illness which puts them in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a hospital. Neonatologists study special development, illnesses and other factors that affect the development of a newborn. Sometimes, they may help with the prenatal care of women whose pregnancies have been diagnosed with fetal abnormalities. Other responsibilities of a neonatologist include:

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Assisting during high-risk births
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Care, medication and treatment of an infant born with a medical condition
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Use of specialized equipment to support babies in the NICU
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Empathy and support of parents of newborns
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Clinical research, teaching and follow-up of newborn cases

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Assisting during high-risk births

Care, medication and treatment of an infant born with a medical condition

Use of specialized equipment to support babies in the NICU

Empathy and support of parents of newborns

Clinical research, teaching and follow-up of newborn cases

Average salary

Neonatologists are extensively trained and specialized doctors, so they typically earn high salaries. For the most up-to-date salary information from Indeed, click on the salary link.

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Common salary in the US: .css-1v152rs{border-radius:0;color:#2557a7;font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);border-bottom:1px solid;cursor:pointer;}.css-1v152rs:hover{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:active{color:#0d2d5e;}.css-1v152rs:focus{outline:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-bottom-color:transparent;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px;}.css-1v152rs:focus:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}.css-1v152rs:hover,.css-1v152rs:active{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:visited{color:#2557a7;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){.css-1v152rs{-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}}.css-1v152rs:focus:active:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}$297,427 per year.css-r5jz5s{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem;color:inherit;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;height:1em;width:1em;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}
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Some salaries range from $40,000 to $433,000 per year.

Common salary in the US: .css-1v152rs{border-radius:0;color:#2557a7;font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);border-bottom:1px solid;cursor:pointer;}.css-1v152rs:hover{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:active{color:#0d2d5e;}.css-1v152rs:focus{outline:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-bottom-color:transparent;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px;}.css-1v152rs:focus:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}.css-1v152rs:hover,.css-1v152rs:active{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:visited{color:#2557a7;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){.css-1v152rs{-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}}.css-1v152rs:focus:active:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}$297,427 per year.css-r5jz5s{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem;color:inherit;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;height:1em;width:1em;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}

Some salaries range from $40,000 to $433,000 per year.

Neonatologist requirements

A neonatologist needs a combination of education, training and certifications to qualify to practice their specialty:

Education

Neonatologists are highly trained doctors with specific skills that need extensive education. The first step to becoming a neonatologist starts with earning a bachelor’s degree and taking courses in pre-medicine, such as biology, anatomy and related fields. They need a grade point average of at least 3.0 to qualify to take the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT). After gaining admission to medical school, neonatologists spend two years dedicated to coursework and two more years in clinical practice before graduating with an M.D.

Training

Becoming a neonatologist requires six more years of training after medical school:

General pediatric residency

A neonatologist first practices as a general pediatrician. Upon graduation from medical school, they enter a three-year residency program as a pediatrician. During that time, they work as resident doctors supervised by pediatric faculty in a hospital. Duties include spending time in the clinic, inpatient wards and the emergency rooms. They also attend teaching conferences, seminars and daily lectures. This period of training exposes aspiring neonatologists to subspecialties of pediatrics, which includes neonatology, pulmonology, gastroenterology and more.

Neonatal fellowship

Neonatologists must then undergo three more years of training through a neonatal fellowship in neonatal-perinatal medicine. During this time of training, they divide time between attending to critically ill infants in the NICU and researching, executing, and writing a project about newborn care.

Certifications

There are three sets of certifications a neonatologist should have before practicing:

U.S. Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE)

The USMLE is a three-stage exam that tests the different concepts taught in medical school. This license is earned after writing and passing a three-stage exam that starts from the second year of medical school to the first year of residency. Stage one of the USMLE tests if you understand and can apply the concepts and principles of health, disease and modes of therapy. Stage two of the USMLE has two parts, the CS and CK. The CS part assesses the student’s ability to apply principles of clinical science in patient care under the supervision of faculty, while the CK aspect examines the ability of the student to collect information from a patient and make the correct clinical diagnosis. The final stage assesses the ability of medical students to apply the principles of medical knowledge in practice while unsupervised. At the end of this exam, you are given a medical license to practice medicine unsupervised.

American Board of Pediatricians (ABP) General Pediatrics Certification

This certification is earned after you have written and passed the required exams upon completion of three years of the residency program. The ABP certification shows that the holder has satisfied all necessary conditions required and shows a high level of professionalism in patient care. Before this certification is awarded, the student must have satisfied the following conditions: graduated from medical school, completed a residency program, possess a medical license and passed the ABP exams.

Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Certification

The neonatal fellowship certification is awarded by the American Board of Pediatricians after meeting the initial conditions for the residency program and a neonatal fellowship residency program from an accredited training instructor. On completion of a neonatal fellowship, the training program director will submit verification of competency form that attests that the fellow has completed training as required. It is expected that you take and pass the subspecialty exam.

Skills

A neonatologist requires the following skills:

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Teamwork: Neonatologists usually work with other support staff in caring for newborn infants who are ill, so having excellent teamwork skills helps them to deliver the best care to patients and families.
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Problem solving and critical thinking skills: Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are a requirement for neonatologists because they deal with a variety of medical conditions that require customized solutions.
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Ability to withstand pressure: People who work in the NICU work under a lot of pressure because of the emergency care that the infants need. The ability to work under pressure and remain calm and resolute while delivering care to the patients is necessary to perform well in this role.
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Communication skills: A neonatologist needs to communicate with their patients’ parents and other medical personnel who support their work. Effective communication is key to helping families understand their role in the care of sick infants and clearly explaining issues to parents.
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Empathy: Neonatologists frequently interact with distraught parents of their patients. They need the ability to listen actively and comfort these parents while helping to care for their children.

Teamwork: Neonatologists usually work with other support staff in caring for newborn infants who are ill, so having excellent teamwork skills helps them to deliver the best care to patients and families.

Problem solving and critical thinking skills: Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are a requirement for neonatologists because they deal with a variety of medical conditions that require customized solutions.

Ability to withstand pressure: People who work in the NICU work under a lot of pressure because of the emergency care that the infants need. The ability to work under pressure and remain calm and resolute while delivering care to the patients is necessary to perform well in this role.

Communication skills: A neonatologist needs to communicate with their patients’ parents and other medical personnel who support their work. Effective communication is key to helping families understand their role in the care of sick infants and clearly explaining issues to parents.

Empathy: Neonatologists frequently interact with distraught parents of their patients. They need the ability to listen actively and comfort these parents while helping to care for their children.

Neonatologist work environment

Neonatologists typically work in a hospital environment. In some hospitals, the neonatal unit is part of the pediatric unit, while in others it is separate. Some neonatologists own private practices and divide their time between their offices and working at the hospital.

A neonatologist usually works long hours, including 12-hour shifts, because there are few specialists in neonatology. Their environment involves walking, sitting, responding quickly to stressful situations and using specialized medical equipment as well as phones and computers.

How to become a neonatologist

The typical steps to becoming a neonatologist are:

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Earn a bachelor’s degree. To qualify to attend medical school, you first need a bachelor’s degree, usually in any medically related field.
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Pass the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). After you earn a bachelor’s degree, you need to take and pass the MCAT to apply to medical school.
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Graduate from medical school. The four years you spend in medical school will prepare you for the specialized training required to pursue a career as a neonatologist.
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Complete a residency and fellowship. These two training programs generally take six years to complete and are required to earn neonatal medicine certifications.
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Obtain your medical licenses. The licenses needed to practice neonatology include a national license (USMLE), a neonatal fellowship license and a state license. Some states require extra training requirements before granting you medical privileges, so check the requirements in your area.
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Update your resume. Include your education, experience, training, skills and achievements. Use keywords from job descriptions to tailor a cover letter to each position you apply to.

Earn a bachelor’s degree. To qualify to attend medical school, you first need a bachelor’s degree, usually in any medically related field.

Pass the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). After you earn a bachelor’s degree, you need to take and pass the MCAT to apply to medical school.

Graduate from medical school. The four years you spend in medical school will prepare you for the specialized training required to pursue a career as a neonatologist.

Complete a residency and fellowship. These two training programs generally take six years to complete and are required to earn neonatal medicine certifications.

Obtain your medical licenses. The licenses needed to practice neonatology include a national license (USMLE), a neonatal fellowship license and a state license. Some states require extra training requirements before granting you medical privileges, so check the requirements in your area.

Update your resume. Include your education, experience, training, skills and achievements. Use keywords from job descriptions to tailor a cover letter to each position you apply to.

Neonatologist job description example

Healing Springs Medical Center requires the services of a board-certified neonatologist to join its growing Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Responsibilities include delivering care to infants in the NICU and providing neonatal consultation to the obstetrics department. The neonatologist will also work with the department chair to execute all activities as required to ensure the smooth running of the unit. Key attributes required for this position include a passion for caring for newborns, critical thinking and problem-solving skills, teamwork and empathy.

Related careers

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.css-1v152rs{border-radius:0;color:#2557a7;font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);border-bottom:1px solid;cursor:pointer;}.css-1v152rs:hover{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:active{color:#0d2d5e;}.css-1v152rs:focus{outline:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-bottom-color:transparent;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px;}.css-1v152rs:focus:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}.css-1v152rs:hover,.css-1v152rs:active{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:visited{color:#2557a7;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){.css-1v152rs{-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}}.css-1v152rs:focus:active:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}Neonatal nurse.css-r5jz5s{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem;color:inherit;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;height:1em;width:1em;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}
.css-1g5t2dl{font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;font-weight:inherit;color:#595959;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5;color:#2d2d2d;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1rem;margin-top:1.5rem;}html[lang=ja] .css-1g5t2dl{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.75;}@media screen and (min-width: 62em){.css-1g5t2dl{font-size:1.25rem;margin-top:2.5rem;}}
.css-1v152rs{border-radius:0;color:#2557a7;font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);transition:border-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),background-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-style 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-bottom-width 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),border-radius 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),box-shadow 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1),color 200ms cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);border-bottom:1px solid;cursor:pointer;}.css-1v152rs:hover{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:active{color:#0d2d5e;}.css-1v152rs:focus{outline:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-bottom-color:transparent;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px;}.css-1v152rs:focus:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}.css-1v152rs:hover,.css-1v152rs:active{color:#164081;}.css-1v152rs:visited{color:#2557a7;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){.css-1v152rs{-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}}.css-1v152rs:focus:active:not([data-focus-visible-added]){box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid;border-radius:0;}Pediatrician.css-r5jz5s{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem;color:inherit;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;height:1em;width:1em;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}
.css-1g5t2dl{font-family:”Noto Sans”,”Helvetica Neue”,”Helvetica”,”Arial”,”Liberation Sans”,”Roboto”,”Noto”,sans-serif;font-weight:inherit;color:#595959;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5;color:#2d2d2d;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1rem;margin-top:1.5rem;}html[lang=ja] .css-1g5t2dl{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.75;}@media screen and (min-width: 62em){.css-1g5t2dl{font-size:1.25rem;margin-top:2.5rem;}}
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